Including but not limited to:
- repeated infusions of fluids, drugs or chemotherapy preparations;
- infusion of hypertonic, hyperosmolar or divergent pH values of liquids;
- frequent blood sampling or infusion of blood or blood components;
- infusion of incompatible medicines;
- monitoring of central venous pressure;
- lack of peripheral sites that can be used for intravenous procedures;
- replacement of many peripheral sites for intravenous access.
